When welding a GTAW root on pipe, what is the initial torch angle recommended?

When welding a GTAW root on pipe, what is the initial torch angle recommended?

• A. 0-15 degrees forehand
• B. 15-30 degrees
• C. 45 degrees
• D. 90 degrees

Answer: (A)

Start with a shallow forehand angle to begin the GTAW root pass on pipe. Keeping the torch nearly inline with the seam, only about 0 to 15 degrees in the forehand direction, helps the arc sit right on the root opening. This gives you stable arc control and proper root penetration without pushing too much heat away from the joint or creating a wide, shallow root. A steeper angle—such as 45 degrees or perpendicular—tends to deflect the arc away from the root, making it harder to fill the root consistently and increasing the risk of undercut or lack of fusion at the root. So, starting with a 0–15 degree forehand angle is the best way to establish a solid, controllable root pass.

Start with a shallow forehand angle to begin the GTAW root pass on pipe. Keeping the torch nearly inline with the seam, only about 0 to 15 degrees in the forehand direction, helps the arc sit right on the root opening. This gives you stable arc control and proper root penetration without pushing too much heat away from the joint or creating a wide, shallow root. A steeper angle—such as 45 degrees or perpendicular—tends to deflect the arc away from the root, making it harder to fill the root consistently and increasing the risk of undercut or lack of fusion at the root. So, starting with a 0–15 degree forehand angle is the best way to establish a solid, controllable root pass.